This is a side-by-side of what is documented, not a ranking. Different compounds are studied for different things, in different people, at different amounts. A row that looks stronger for one compound does not make it the better choice for anyone.
| GHK-Cu | Larazotide | |
|---|---|---|
| Highest evidence tier on the page | E2 Human clinical evidence Registered or peer-reviewed human trial with reported results. | E2 Human clinical evidence Registered or peer-reviewed human trial with reported results. |
| Regulatory status | Not an approved drug; cleared for cosmetic use at industry concentrations | Not FDA-approved; Phase 3 celiac disease trial (NCT03569007) terminated in 2022 after interim futility analysis; no active pivotal trial identified |
| Research area | Tissue repair and recovery | Tissue repair and recovery |
| Regulator-approved dose on file | No approved dose | No approved dose |
| Molecular formula | C14H22CuN6O4 (neutral 1:1 complex); C14H24N6O4 for free GHK | C32H55N9O10 (free peptide, per PubChem) |
| Molar mass | About 401.9 g/mol for the 1:1 complex; 340.38 g/mol for free GHK | Not reliably established |
| CAS number | 89030-95-5 (complex); 49557-75-7 (free GHK) | 881851-50-9 |
| Registered trials on this site | None linked yet | 5 in the tracker |
| Published trials covered on its page | 3 | Not stated |
| Amounts studied in those trials | Bishop 1992: Topical tripeptide-copper complex 0.4 percent cream, against 1 percent silver sulfadiazine cream and against an inert vehicle Miller 2006: Topical copper tripeptide complex added to a post-procedure skin care regimen; concentration not disclosed for 12 weeks Kapoor 2018: Intradermal scalp injection of a six component formulation in which copper tripeptide-1 was one active; no amount of copper tripeptide-1 is stated for 8 sessions at 3 week intervals As reported on the compound page. Amounts are not comparable between compounds. | Not stated |
| What is not known | Whether the peptide is necessary or is simply carrying copper. The evidence contradicts itself in both directions and the one study that would settle it has not been followed up in fourteen years. Whether administered GHK-Cu survives intact in plasma, or immediately hands its copper... | Larazotide's trial record shows an inconsistent efficacy signal: some Phase 1b/2b gluten-challenge and Phase 2 dose-ranging endpoints reportedly reached statistical significance, but the definitive Phase 3 trial for persistent symptoms in celiac disease on a gluten-free diet (NCT03569007) was terminated in 2022 after an interim... |
| Furthest registered phase | Not stated | Phase 3 |
| Trials currently active | Not stated | 0 |
| Trial sponsors | Not stated | Massachusetts General Hospital, 9 Meters Biopharma, Inc. |
Full pages: GHK-Cu and Larazotide. See also the clinical trial tracker and how we grade evidence.
Educational reference, not medical advice. Trial data from ClinicalTrials.gov. Everything else is drawn from the compound pages on this site, each of which cites its sources.
